1 Isimo samanje sentuthuko yasekhaya nezangaphandle
Ukuthutha kwepayipi i-CO2 kusetshenziswe phesheya, cishe ngama-6,000 km wamapayipi e-CO2 emhlabeni, anomthamo ongaphezu kuka-150 Mt/a.Iningi lamapayipi e-CO2 atholakala eNyakatho Melika, kanti amanye aseCanada, Norway naseTurkey.Iningi lamapayipi ahamba amabanga amade, amakhulu e-CO2 aphesheya asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezokuthutha obubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokudluliswa kwamapayipi e-CO2 e-China sekwephuzile uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi alikabikho ipayipi elivuthiwe lokuhambisa amabanga amade okwamanje.Lawa mapayipi angamapayipi angaphakathi okuqoqa uwoyela kanye namapayipi okudlulisa, futhi awabhekwa njengamapayipi e-CO2 ngomqondo wangempela.
2 Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bomklamo wepayipi lezokuthutha le-CO2
2.1 Izidingo zezingxenye zomthombo wegesi
Ukulawula izingxenye zegesi ezingena epayipini lokudlulisa, lezi zici ezilandelayo zicatshangelwa ngokuyinhloko: (1) ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sekhwalithi yegesi emakethe okuhlosiwe, njengokutholwa kukawoyela we-EOR, imfuneko eyinhloko ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuxutshwa- isigaba samafutha drive.②Ukufeza izidingo zokudluliswa kwamapayipi aphephile, ikakhulukazi ukulawula okuqukethwe kwamagesi anobuthi njenge-H2S namagesi agqwalayo, ngaphezu kokulawula ngokuqinile indawo yamazolo amanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awekho amanzi amahhala aginqayo ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwepayipi.(3) Ukuthobela imithetho kazwelonke neyendawo kanye neziqondiso mayelana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo;(4) Ngesisekelo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuqala ezintathu, yehlisa izindleko zokwelashwa kwegesi enhla nomfula ngangokunokwenzeka.
2.2 Ukukhethwa nokulawula isimo sesigaba sezokuthutha
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza kwepayipi le-CO2, kuyadingeka ukulawula indawo yamapayipi ukuze kugcinwe isimo sesigaba esizinzile phakathi nenqubo yokudlulisa.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza zamapayipi e-CO2, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqale ulawule indawo yepayipi ukuze kugcinwe isimo sesigaba esizinzile phakathi nenqubo yokudlulisa, ngakho-ke ukudluliselwa kwesigaba segesi noma ukudluliswa kwe-supercritical state ngokuvamile kukhethwa.Uma kusetshenziswa ukuthutha kwesigaba segesi, ingcindezi akufanele idlule i-4.8 MPa ukuze igweme ukuhluka kwengcindezi phakathi kuka-4.8 no-8.8 MPa kanye nokwakhiwa kokugeleza kwezigaba ezimbili.Ngokusobala, kumthamo omkhulu kanye namapayipi webanga elide we-CO2, kunenzuzo kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukudlulisa okubaluleke kakhulu kucatshangelwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kobunjiniyela kanye nezindleko zokusebenza.
2.3 Umzila kanye nezikhundla zendawo
Ekukhetheni umzila wamapayipi e-CO2, ngaphezu kokuhambisana nokuhlelwa kohulumeni basekhaya, ukugwema izindawo ezizwelayo emvelweni, izindawo zokuvikela izinsalela zamasiko, izindawo zezinhlekelele zemvelo, izindawo ezigqagqene ezimayini nezinye izindawo, kufanele futhi sigxile endaweni ehlobene yepayipi futhi amadolobhana azungezile, amadolobhana, amabhizinisi ezimboni kanye nezimayini, izindawo ezibalulekile zokuvikela izilwane, okuhlanganisa ukuqondiswa komoya, indawo, umoya, njll. Ngenkathi sikhetha umzila, kufanele sihlaziye izindawo ezinemiphumela ephezulu yepayipi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo sithathe ukuvikela okuhambisanayo. kanye nezinyathelo zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi.Lapho ukhetha umzila, kutuswa ukusebenzisa idatha yesathelayithi yenzwa eyirimothi ukuze kuhlaziywe ukugcwala komhlaba, ukuze kutholwe indawo enemiphumela ephezulu yepayipi.
2.4 Izimiso zokuklanywa kwegumbi le-valve
Ukuze kulawulwe inani lokuvuza lapho kwenzeka ingozi yokugqashuka kwepayipi nokwenza lula ukunakekelwa kwepayipi, ikamelo elinqamule levalvu ngokuvamile limiswa ebangeni elithile epayipini.Ukuhlukaniswa kwegumbi le-valve kuzoholela enanini elikhulu lokugcina amapayipi phakathi kwegumbi le-valve kanye nenani elikhulu lokuvuza lapho kwenzeka ingozi;Isikhala segumbi le-valve sincane kakhulu sizoholela ekwandeni kokutholwa komhlaba kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezobunjiniyela, kuyilapho igumbi le-valve ngokwalo lijwayele ukuvuza endaweni, ngakho akulula ukusetha okuningi.
2.5 Ukukhethwa kokunamathela
Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kwamanye amazwe ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwamapayipi e-CO2, akunconyiwe ukusebenzisa ukunamathela kwangaphakathi ukuvikela ukugqwala noma ukunciphisa ukumelana.I-anticorrosion yangaphandle ekhethiwe kufanele ibe nokuphikisana okungcono kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.Phakathi nenqubo yokufaka ipayipi ekusebenzeni nokugcwalisa ukucindezela, izinga lokukhula lokucindezela lidinga ukulawulwa ukuze kugwenywe ukunyuka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa ngenxa yokwanda okusheshayo kokucindezela, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokumboza.
2.6 Izidingo ezikhethekile zemishini nezinto zokwakha
(1) Ukusebenza kokuvala okokusebenza kanye namavalvu.(2) Okokugcoba.(3) Ipayipi yeka ukuqhekeka ukusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-14-2022