1. Isetshenziselwa ukuqapha igesi evuthayo kanye ne-alamu
Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezithinta igesi kwenze izinzwa zegesi ezinokuzwela okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuzinzile, isakhiwo esilula, usayizi omncane, kanye nentengo ephansi, futhi kuye kwathuthukisa ukukhetha nokuzwela kwenzwa.Ama-alamu egesi akhona ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-tin oxide kanye nezinzwa zegesi eyisisusa sensimbi eyigugu, kodwa ukukhetha kubuthaka, futhi ukunemba kwe-alamu kuyathinteka ngenxa yobuthi be-catalyst.Ukuzwela kwezinto ezizwela igesi ye-semiconductor kugesi kuhlobene nezinga lokushisa.Ukuzwela kuphansi ekamelweni lokushisa.Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ukuzwela kuyanda, kufinyelela phezulu ezingeni lokushisa elithile.Njengoba lezi zinto ezizwela igesi zidinga ukufeza ukuzwela okungcono kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (ngokuvamile angaphezu kuka-100 ° C), lokhu akudli nje amandla okushisa engeziwe, kodwa kungabangela nomlilo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa zegesi kuxazulule le nkinga.Isibonelo, inzwa yegesi eyenziwe nge-iron oxide-based gas-sensitive ceramics ingakha inzwa yegesi ezwela kakhulu, ukuzinza okuhle, nokukhetha okuthile ngaphandle kokungeza i-catalyst yensimbi ehloniphekile.Yehlisa izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwezinto ezizwela igesi ye-semiconductor, zithuthukise kakhulu ukuzwela kwazo ekamelweni lokushisa, ukuze zisebenze ekamelweni lokushisa.Njengamanje, ngaphezu kwezitsha zobumba ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zensimbi eyodwa, ezinye izinto zobumba ezizwelayo zegesi yensimbi ye-oxide semiconductor kanye nezinsimbi ezibucayi zegesi ye-oxide zensimbi sezisunguliwe.
Faka inzwa yegesi ezindaweni lapho amagesi avuthayo, aqhumayo, anobuthi nayingozi akhiqizwa khona, agcinwe, athuthwe, futhi asetshenziswe ukuthola okuqukethwe kwegesi kusenesikhathi futhi kutholwe izingozi zokuvuza kusenesikhathi.Inzwa yegesi ixhunywe nesistimu yokuvikela, ukuze uhlelo lokuvikela luzosebenza ngaphambi kokuba igesi ifinyelele umkhawulo wokuqhuma, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwengozi kuzogcinwa okungenani.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-miniaturization kanye nokwehliswa kwentengo yezinzwa zegesi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukungena ekhaya.
2. Isicelo ekutholeni igesi kanye nokusingatha ingozi
2.1 Ukutholwa kwezinhlobo zegesi nezici
Ngemva kokwenzeka kwengozi yokuvuza kwegesi, ukuphathwa kwengozi kuzogxila ekuthatheni amasampula nasekuhlolweni, ukuhlonza izindawo eziyisixwayiso, ukuhlela ukukhishwa kwabantu ezindaweni eziyingozi, ukuhlenga abantu abanobuthi, ukuxhuma amapulaki kanye nokuqeda ukungcola, njll. ukunciphisa umonakalo kubasebenzi obangelwe ukuvuza, okudinga ukuqonda ubuthi begesi evuzayo.Ubuthi begesi bubhekisela ekuvuzeni kwezinto ezingaphazamisa ukusabela okuvamile kwemizimba yabantu, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlise ikhono labantu lokusungula izindlela zokulwa nokunciphisa ukulimala ezingozini.I-National Fire Protection Association ihlukanisa ubuthi bezinto ngezigaba ezilandelayo:
N\H=0 Uma kuba nomlilo, ngaphandle kwezinto ezivuthayo ezivamile, azikho ezinye izinto eziyingozi ekuchayekeni kwesikhathi esifushane;
N\H=1 Izinto ezingabangela ukucasuka futhi zidale ukulimala okuncane ekuchayekeni kwesikhathi esifushane;
N\H=2 Ukugxilisa ingqondo okuphezulu noma ukuchayeka okwesikhashana kungabangela ukukhubazeka kwesikhashana noma ukulimala okuyinsalela;
N\H=3 Ukuchayeka isikhathi esifushane kungabangela ukulimala kwesikhashana okubi kakhulu noma insalela;
N\H=4 Ukuchayeka isikhathi esifushane nakho kungabangela ukufa noma ukulimala okubi kakhulu.
Qaphela: I-coefficient yobuthi engenhla ye-N\H isetshenziswa kuphela ukukhombisa izinga lomonakalo womuntu, futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlanzeka kwezimboni nokuhlola indawo ezungezile.
Njengoba igesi enobuthi ingangena emzimbeni womuntu ngohlelo lokuphefumula lomuntu futhi ibangele ukulimala, ukuvikela ukuphepha kufanele kuqedwe ngokushesha lapho kubhekwana nezingozi zokuvuza kwegesi enobuthi.Lokhu kudinga izisebenzi eziphethe ingozi ukuze ziqonde uhlobo, ubuthi nezinye izici zegesi ngesikhathi esifushane ngemva kokufika endaweni yengozi.
Hlanganisa uhlu lwezinzwa zegesi nobuchwepheshe bekhompuyutha ukuze wenze uhlelo oluhlakaniphile lokuthola igesi, elikwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha nangokunembile uhlobo lwegesi, ngaleyo ndlela ithole ubuthi begesi.Isistimu yokuzwa igesi ehlakaniphile yakhiwe ngohlu lwezinzwa zegesi, uhlelo lokucubungula isignali kanye nesistimu yokuphumayo.Ubuningi bezinzwa zegesi ezinezici ezihlukile zokuzwela zisetshenziselwa ukwakha uhlelo, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokubona iphethini yenethiwekhi ye-neural busetshenziselwa ukubonwa kwegesi nokuqapha okugxilile kwegesi exutshiwe.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlobo, imvelo, nobuthi obuvamile obunobuthi, obuyingozi, kanye namagesi avuthayo kufakwa kukhompuyutha, futhi izinhlelo zokubamba izingozi zihlanganiswa ngokuvumelana nemvelo yegesi nokokufaka kukhompyutha.Uma kwenzeka ingozi yokuvuza, isistimu yokutholwa kwegesi ehlakaniphile izosebenza ngokulandela lezi zinqubo ezilandelayo:
Faka isayithi→isampula yegesi ye-adsorb→inzwa yegesi ekhiqiza isignali→isignali yokuhlonza ikhompuyutha→uhlobo lwegesi ephuma ngekhompyutha, imvelo, ubuthi kanye nohlelo lokulahla.
Ngenxa yokuzwela okuphezulu kwenzwa yegesi, ingabonakala lapho ukuhlushwa kwegesi kuphansi kakhulu, ngaphandle kokungena ngokujulile endaweni yengozi, ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala okungadingekile okubangelwa ukungazi isimo.Ngokusebenzisa ukucutshungulwa kwekhompyutha, inqubo engenhla ingaqedwa ngokushesha.Ngale ndlela, izinyathelo zokuvikela eziphumelelayo zingathathwa ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile, uhlelo olufanele lokulahla lungasetshenziswa, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwengozi kungancishiswa kube kuncane.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lugcina ulwazi mayelana nemvelo yamagesi avamile kanye nezinhlelo zokulahla, uma wazi uhlobo lwegesi ekuvuzeni, ungakwazi ukubuza ngokuqondile uhlobo lwegesi kanye nohlelo lokulahla kulolu hlelo.
2.2 Thola ukuvuza
Uma kwenzeka ingozi yokuvuza, kuyadingeka ukuthola ngokushesha indawo yokuvuza futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuxhuma ukuvimbela ingozi ukuthi ingaqhubeki ekukhuleni.Kwezinye izimo, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuthola ukuvuza ngenxa yamapayipi amade, iziqukathi eziningi, nokuvuza okucashile, ikakhulukazi uma ukuvuza kukhanya.Ngenxa yokuhlakazeka kwegesi, ngemva kokuvuza kwegesi esitsheni noma epayipini, ngaphansi kwesenzo somoya wangaphandle kanye ne-gradient yokugxila yangaphakathi, iqala ukusabalala nxazonke, okungukuthi, lapho isondela endaweni yokuvuza, kulapho igesi likhuphuka khona.Ngokwalesi sici, ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zegesi ezihlakaniphile kungaxazulula le nkinga.Ihlukile ohlelweni lwezinzwa ezihlakaniphile oluthola uhlobo lwegesi, i-gas sensor array yalolu hlelo yenziwe ngezinzwa eziningana zegesi ezinokuzwela okweqile, ukuze ukuzwela kwesistimu yezinzwa kugesi ethile kuthuthukiswe, futhi ikhompuyutha isetshenziselwe ukucubungula igesi.Ukushintsha kwesignali yesici esibucayi kungabona ngokushesha ushintsho lokugxila kwegesi, bese kuthola indawo yokuvuza ngokuya ngokushintsha kokugxilwa kwegesi.
Njengamanje, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa zegesi kwenza i-miniaturization yezinhlelo zezinzwa zenzeke.Isibonelo, inzwa yezinhlayiyana edidiyelwe ye-ultrafine eyakhiwe yinkampani yase-Japan ** ingakwazi ukubona i-hydrogen, i-methane namanye amagesi, agxile ku-wafer ye-silicon yesikwele engu-2 mm.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bekhompiyutha kungenza isivinini sokubona salolu hlelo sisheshe.Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwezinzwa oluhlakaniphile oluncane futhi olulula ukuluthwala lungathuthukiswa.Ukuhlanganisa lesi simiso nobuchwepheshe obufanele bokubona isithombe, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besilawuli kude kungakwenza ukuthi singene ngokuzenzakalelayo ezindaweni ezifihliwe, izindawo ezinobuthi neziyingozi ezingafanele ukuthi abantu basebenze, futhi bathole indawo yokuvuza.
3. Amazwi okuphetha
Thuthukisa izinzwa ezintsha zegesi, ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezihlakaniphile zokuzwa igesi, ukuze zikwazi ukudlala indima ye-alamu, ukutholwa, ukuhlonza, nokuthatha izinqumo ezihlakaniphile ezingozini zokuvuza kwegesi, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwengozi yokuvuza kwegesi. ukuphatha.Ukuphepha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukulahleka kwezingozi.
Ngokuvela okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezintsha ezizwela igesi, ukuhlakanipha kwezinzwa zegesi nakho kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokushesha.Kukholakala ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, izinhlelo zokuzwa igesi ezihlakaniphile ezinobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe ngokwengeziwe zizophuma, futhi isimo samanje sokusingatha ingozi yokuvuza kwegesi sizothuthukiswa kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-22-2021